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K.D. (Knocked Down)
An abbreviation meaning the article described is supplied unassembled.
Kangera Basin Organization
The KBO promotes integrated exploitation and management of water and land resources in the
Kangera Basin. Officially known as the Organization for the Managment and Development of
the Kangera Basin (French: Organisation pour l'Am‚nagement et le D‚veloppement
du Bassin de la Riviere Kagera), the KBO was established in 1978; headquarters are in Kigali,
Rwanda. BKO members inlcude: Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Keidanren
Keidanren (the Japanese Federation of Economic Organizations) was established in 1946 as a
private, non-profit economic organization representing virtually all branches of economic
activity in Japan.
Keiretsu
Keiretsu refers to the horizontally and vertically linked industrial structure of post-war
Japan. The horizontally linked groups include a broad range of industries linked via banks
and general trading firms. There are eight major industrial groups, sometimes referred to
as "Kigyo Shudan": Mitsubishi, Mitsui, Sumitomo, Fuyo, DKB, Sanwa, Tokai, and
IBJ. The vertically linked groups (such as Toyota, Matshushita, and Sony) are centered
around parent companies, with subsidiaries frequently serving as suppliers, distributors,
and retail outlets. Common characteristics among the groups include crossholding of
company shares, intra-group financing, joint investment, mutual appointment of officers,
and other joint business activities. The keiretsu system emphasizes mutual cooperation and
protects affiliates from mergers and acquisitions. Ties within groups became looser after
the oil shocks of the 1970s as a result of decreasing dependence on banks for capital.
Kokusai Denshin Denwa
The Kokusai Denshin Denwa Company, KDD, was established in 1953 but traces its history
back to 1871 and the establishment of its predecessor organizations. For more than a
century, the company was Japan's sole supplier of international telecommunications
services and today remains Japan's leading international carrier. KDD is Japan's signatory
to INTELSAT and INMARSAT.
Kommanditgesellschaft
KG (German, meaning: "limited partnership") differs from the general partnership
in that only the general partner (Komplementaer) has full personal liability for the
liabilities of the partnership while the remaining (limited) partners' (Kommanditist)
liability is limited to the specific amount of their contribution. The company must carry
the name of one personally liable partner with reference to the existence of a company.
The name of the general partner with unlimited liability may not be left out.
Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
KGaA (German, meaning: "limited partnership by shares") is a combination of the
elements of a stock company and a limited partnership. There is at least one general
partner whose liability is unlimited while limited shareholders have an interest in the
stated capital divided into shares without being personally liable for the debts of the
company.
Korea Foreign Trade Association
KFTA, a non-profit, private business organization of Korean companies, provides
information and services concerning trade both for members and for foreign businesses.
KFTA, with headquarters are in Seoul, maintains some U.S. offices.
Korea Trade Promotion Corporation
KOTRA, a non-profit organization, was established by the Korean government in 1962 to
promote foreign trade. The corporation now also serves as an import promotion center
offering a variety of free services in trade, investment, and international economic
cooperation. KOTRA, with headquarters in Seoul, has a network of domestic and overseas
offices, including several U.S. sites. KOTRA's U.S. telephone: 1-800-568-7248.
Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau
The KfW (English: Reconstruction Loan Corporation) provides assistance to developing
countries in the form of loans, grants, materials, or services. The KfW determines volume
and use of funds, repayment conditions, interest rates, fund-release procedures, and
monitoring requirements. It promotes the establishment of German companies in developing
countries and promotiong new technologies by German companies in developing countries. See
also Deutsche Finanzierungsgesellschaft fur Beteilgungen in Entwicklungsl„ndern GmbH
Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit.
Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development
The KFAED is a Kuwaiti independent public institution which assists Arab and other
developing countries in developing their economies by granting them concessional loans for
development programs and by financing pre-investment studies of ways to expand production
capacities. Fund operations, originally restricted to Arab countries, were extended to
cover other developing countries in July 1974. In March 1981, the objectives of the Fund
were extended to include participation in the capital and resources of development
institutions and other types of establishments. These recipients have included: the Arab
Fund for Economic and Social Development, the African Development Bank, the African
Development Fund, the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa, the Inter-Arab
Investment Guarantee Corporation, the International Development Association, the
International Fund for Agricultural Development, and the Special Program of Assistance for
African Countries. KFAED was established in December 1961; its headquarters are in Safat, Kuwait.
Kyoto Convention
See: International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs
Procedures.
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